Compressive strength of premolars restored with ceramic crowns and supported with a glass fiber post using different luting agents.

Objective: The retention of glass fiber post (GFP) is considered a key factor for the long-term success of restorations of endodontically treated teeth. This study aimed to compare the compressive strength of a ceramic crown supported by a GFP using different luting agents. Methods: Forty single-rooted premolars were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 each): control group (teeth without a GFP), Ketac Cem group (glass ionomer), RelyX ARC group (conventional dual-curing resin), and RelyX U200 group (self-adhesive dual-curing resin). After luting of the posts and placement of all-ceramic crowns made using feldspathic porcelain (Noritake EX-3), they were exposed to thermocycling for 1000 cycles and compressive strength tests. Statistical analysis included Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's multi-comparison test. Results: The Ketac Cem group and RelyX U200 group showed significantly greater fracture resistance to compressive loading than the control group. Conclusion: This study indicates a possible role of the luting agent used with the GFP in influencing the compressive strength of the restored teeth. In this study, the self-adhesive dual-curing resin and glass ionomer both offered resistance to fractures.

Experimental pastes containing niobophosphate and 45S5 bioactive glasses for treatment of dentin hypersensitivity: dentin permeability and tubule obliteration.

OBJECTIVES: This study tested the ability of bioactive pastes containing niobophosphate and 45S5 glasses to reduce dentin permeability and to obliterate dentinal tubules, as a mean of reducing human dentin hypersensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Experimental pastes with concentrations of 10, 20, and 30 wt% of two bioactive glasses (45S5 or niobophosphate [NbG]) were formulated. A paste without bioactive glass (placebo) and a commercial paste (Nano P, FGM) were used as controls. Forty dentin disc specimens were obtained from caries-free extracted third human molars and divided in 8 groups (n = 5). Percentage of permeability (%Lp) was assessed in a dental permeability machine considering hydraulic conductance, immediately after pastes application and at day 7, day 14, and day 21. The precipitates formed on the surface of the dentin discs (and dentinal tubules) were analyzed by SEM/EDS and micro-Raman spectra. Data of dentin permeability (%) 2-way repeated-measures (ANOVA) and Holm-Sidak post-tests (α = 0.05). Dentinal tubule obliteration was visually (and elemental) evaluated and descriptively reported. RESULTS: The experimental bioactive glass pastes containing NbG and 45S5, regardless of the concentration, reduced dentin permeability in comparison with pastes without bioactive glasses (P < 0.05). The formulated placebo and commercial paste did not reduce permeability over time (P < 0.05). SEM/EDS and micro-Raman analyses showed that both type of bioactive pastes (NbG or 45S5-based) presented mineral precipitates obliterating the dentinal tubules at day 21. NbG seems to offer a better initial effect than 45S5, while at 21 days there is no difference between both glasses. CONCLUSION: Experimental bioactive pastes containing NbG and 45S5 (at concentrations of 10%, 20%, or 30%) have potential to reduce dentin permeability (over time) in comparison with pastes without bioactive glasses; and this occurs on behalf of obliteration of dentinal tubules by microparticle and precipitate formation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Bioactive pastes containing NbG and 45S5 may benefit patients presenting dentin hypersensitivity, because these pastes can start acting fast after application and maintain their action up to 21 days.

Bioactive toothpastes in dentin hypersensitivity treatment: A systematic review.

The use of bioactive materials is a recent proposal in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (DH) due to the ability to stimulate the neoformation of a barrier on dentin surface. Questions have arisen about the effectiveness of the materials to reduce DH when compared to the control groups (placebo or non-bioactive substance). Thus, the aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the randomized controlled trials in adult patients for DH treatment with a dentifrice containing bioactive glass, applied either at-home or in-office. Methods: The study was registered in PROSPERO and followed PRISMA guidelines. Searches were carried out in four databases (Pubmed/Medline, CENTRAL, Wbb of Science, LILACS) spanning from February 2020 to March 2020, with no language or publication date restrictions. A supplementary hand-search was performed by checking the list of references. The so-called gray literature of the national and international databases for theses and dissertations, as well as unfinished, in progress and unpublished studies were also searched. Results: After reading the titles and abstracts, articles that were duplicated (74 records) or unrelated to the systematic review (76 records) were excluded. Fifteen studies were evaluated considering seven at low risk of bias, four at high risk and four at moderate risk. Conclusion: The bioactive compounds at low concentrations (2.5-7.5%) can be used as treatment of DH both at-home and in-office.

The effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on hepcidin and on inflammatory and iron marker levels.

Serum hepcidin levels may increase in response to infection and inflammation. The present study investigated the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on levels of serum hepcidin, inflammatory markers, and iron markers. An interventional study was conducted on 67 patients (age 30-65 years) without other diseases, except for chronic periodontitis (CP). Patients were allocated to either CP or control groups. The CP group received supragingival and subgingival scaling and root planing procedures, whereas the control group received supragingival scaling. Probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level (CAL), visible plaque index (VPI), serum hepcidin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), hematological markers, and iron markers were measured at baseline and at 90 days after NSPT. The CP group had statistically significant lower mean values for mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) (p ≤ 0.05). The control group had statistically significant reductions in hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, and MCH (p ≤ 0.05). Serum hepcidin, IL-6, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) levels were significantly decreased in both groups after NSPT. Periodontal markers were more markedly reduced in the CP group compared with the control group (p ≤ 0.05). These findings suggest that NSPT may reduce the serum levels of IL-6, hepcidin, and periodontal parameters.

Influence of delay between dental bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide and orthodontic brackets on the bond strength at the enamel/adhesive interface.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of waiting time between the bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide and orthodontic brackets bonding on shear bond strength (SBS) in enamel. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty bovine teeth were randomly divided into four groups (G): G1(negative control) and G2, G3 and G4 (experimental groups). The experimental groups were submitted to bleaching. Prior to orthodontic brackets bonding to enamel the procedure was adopted different waiting times, as follows: G2 (1 day); G3 (7 days) and G4 (14 days). It was performed enamel etching (30s), washing water (30s), application of adhesive system followed by photoactivation (20s). A thin layer of composite resin was placed between the adhesive and the brackets. The applied pressure was measured by tensiometer (300N/40s). The composite resin was light-cured (40s). After 24 hours the shear test was held (0.5mm/min). To compare the SBS it was used ANOVA one-way followed by Tukey test (α = 0.05). The Adhesive Remaining Index (ARI) was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: The SBS values were significantly lower in G2 (15.51 MPa) and G3 (17.77 MPa) compared to G1 (30.14 MPa) and G4 (28.50 MPa) (p<0.05). The ARI revealed significant difference between the G3 and the other groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that the bond strength in enamel in the interfaces/adhesive system/composite resin/orthodontic brackets was more effective 14 days after the bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide. Key words:Dental materials, teeth bleaching, orthodontic brackets.

The effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on hepcidin and on inflammatory and iron marker levels

Abstract Serum hepcidin levels may increase in response to infection and inflammation. The present study investigated the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on levels of serum hepcidin, inflammatory markers, and iron markers. An interventional study was conducted on 67 patients (age 30-65 years) without other diseases, except for chronic periodontitis (CP). Patients were allocated to either CP or control groups. The CP group received supragingival and subgingival scaling and root planing procedures, whereas the control group received supragingival scaling. Probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level (CAL), visible plaque index (VPI), serum hepcidin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), hematological markers, and iron markers were measured at baseline and at 90 days after NSPT. The CP group had statistically significant lower mean values for mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) (p ≤ 0.05). The control group had statistically significant reductions in hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, and MCH (p ≤ 0.05). Serum hepcidin, IL-6, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) levels were significantly decreased in both groups after NSPT. Periodontal markers were more markedly reduced in the CP group compared with the control group (p ≤ 0.05). These findings suggest that NSPT may reduce the serum levels of IL-6, hepcidin, and periodontal parameters.

Conhecimentos e práticas de saúde bucal de gestantes usuárias dos serviços de saúde em São Luís, Maranhão, 2007-2008 / Oral health knowledge and practices among pregnant women using health services in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil, 2007-2008 / Conocimientos y prácticas de salud oral en gestantes usuarias de servicios de salud en São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil, 2007-2008

OBJETIVO: descrever as características dos cuidados de saúde bucal durante o acompanhamento pré-natal e o conhecimento sobre saúde bucal entre gestantes usuárias de serviços de saúde público e privado em São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo com 300 gestantes entrevistadas em serviço público e 300 em serviço privado, no período de agosto de 2007 a julho de 2008. RESULTADOS: a frequência de escovação dentária foi similar entre as usuárias dos serviços público e privado (p=0,156), enquanto o uso de fio dental (64,0% e 47,0%; p<0,001) e de colutórios (39,7% e 27,0%; p=0,001) foi mais frequente no serviço privado, em relação ao público; a maioria das usuárias, tanto do serviço público (60,3%) como do privado (65,7%), desconheciam a associação entre saúde bucal e gravidez. CONCLUSÃO: a frequência de escovação dentária foi similar entre gestantes dos serviços público e privado; os efeitos da gestação sobre a saúde bucal eram pouco conhecidos.

OBJECTIVE: to describe characteristics of oral health care during prenatal check-ups and knowledge about oral health among pregnant women using public and private health services in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. METHODS: this is a descriptive study of 300 women interviewed in public health services and a further 300 interviewed in private health services between August 2007 and July 2008. RESULTS: tooth brushing frequency was similar among users of public and private services (p=0.156), while flossing (64.0% and 47.0%; p<0.001) and mouthwashing (39.7% and 27.0%; p=0.001) was more frequent among private service users in relation to public service users; most users of public services (60.3%) and private services (65.7%) were unaware of the association between oral health and pregnancy. CONCLUSION: frequency of tooth brushing was similar among pregnant women in public and private services; the effects of pregnancy on oral health were not well known.

OBJETIVO: identificar las características de los cuidados en salud oral durante el prenatal y el conocimiento acerca de salud oral entre gestantes de servicios de salud públicos y privados en São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil. MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo de 300 mujeres entrevistadas en servicio público y 300 en servicio privado, entre agosto de 2007 y julio de 2008. RESULTADOS: la frecuencia del cepillado dental fue similar entre usuarias de servicios públicos y privados (p=0,156), mientras que el uso de hilo dental (64,0% y 47,0%, p<0,001) y enjuagues bucales (39,7% y 27,0%, p=0,001) fue más frecuente en el servicio particular; la mayoría de las usuarias de los servicios públicos (60,3%) y privados (65,7%) no eran conscientes de la asociación de salud oral y embarazo. CONCLUSIÓN: la frecuencia cepillado dental fue similar entre las mujeres embarazadas en los servicios públicos y privados; los efectos del embarazo en la salud bucal eran poco conocidos.

[Oral health knowledge and practices among pregnant women using health services in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil, 2007-2008]. / Conhecimentos e práticas de saúde bucal de gestantes usuárias dos serviços de saúde em São Luís, Maranhão, 2007-2008.

OBJECTIVE: to describe characteristics of oral health care during prenatal check-ups and knowledge about oral health among pregnant women using public and private health services in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. METHODS: this is a descriptive study of 300 women interviewed in public health services and a further 300 interviewed in private health services between August 2007 and July 2008. RESULTS: tooth brushing frequency was similar among users of public and private services (p=0.156), while flossing (64.0% and 47.0%; p<0.001) and mouthwashing (39.7% and 27.0%; p=0.001) was more frequent among private service users in relation to public service users; most users of public services (60.3%) and private services (65.7%) were unaware of the association between oral health and pregnancy. CONCLUSION: frequency of tooth brushing was similar among pregnant women in public and private services; the effects of pregnancy on oral health were not well known.

Asma e doença periodontal: uma possível associação / Asthma and periodontal disease: a possible association

A asma é uma doença inflamatória crônica das vias aéreas caracterizada por uma hiper-resposta bronquial, limitação reversível do fluxo aéreo e recorrentes episódios de respiração ofegante e curta, opressão torácica e tosse. Tem sido associada com afecções bucais como a doença periodontal, a qual parece contribuir para infecções do trato respiratório, tanto por aspiração de microrganismos patogênicos quanto por desencadear respostas imunológicas importantes. Dessa forma, o objetivo desta revisão de literatura foi investigar a possível associação entre asma e doença periodontal, enfatizando o mecanismo de interação entre essas doenças. Foi realizada uma revisão de 50 artigos no período de 2000 a 2015 nas bases de dados Scielo, PubMed, Medline e LILACS. Foram utilizadas as palavras-chave “higiene bucal”, “doenças periodontais” e “asma” e seus respectivos descritores em inglês oral hygiene, periodontal diseases, asthma e em espanhol, la higiene bucal, enfermedad periodontal y asma. Os resultados mostraram o papel das bactérias bucais na patogênese da asma, assim como foi possível identificar o impacto do tratamento medicamentoso da asma na saúde bucal. Sugere-se que há uma relação plausível entre doença periodontal e asma, devido à patogênese de ambas as doenças, uso de medicação inalatória e mecanismo de interação

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the air ways characterized by bronchial hyperresponsiveness, reversible air flow limitation and recurrent episodes of wheezing and shortness of breath, chest tightness and coughing. It has been associated with oral diseases such as periodontal diseases that seem to contribute to respiratory tract infections, either by aspiration of pathogenic microrganisms or by triggering importantimmune responses. The aim of this literature review was to investigate the association between asthma and periodontal diseases, emphasizing the mechanism of interaction between these diseases. A total of 50 articles from 2000 to 2015 was foundin databases Scielo,PubMed, Medline andLilacs. There were used keywords in portuguese as “higiene bucal”, “doenças periodontais”, “asma”, descriptorsin English as oralhygiene, periodontal diseases and asthma and in Spanish as la higiene bucal, enfermedad periodontal and asma.The results have showed the role of oral bacteriain the pathogenesis of asthma, as it was possible to demonstrate the impact of their drug treatment of asthma on oral health. It is suggested that there is aplausible relationship between periodontal diseases and asthma due to the pathogenesis of both diseases, inhaled medication and mechanism of interaction.

Avaliação do nível de cooperação de pacientes em terapia periodontal de suporte / Assessment of patients´ cooperation level in basic periodontal therapy

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o grau de cooperação dos pacientes da Clínica de Periodontia do Curso de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Maranhão durante a terapia periodontal de suporte (TPS). Avaliou-se a profundidade de sondagem (PS), recessão gengival (RG), nível de inserção clínica (NIC), mobilidade dentária, envolvimento de furca, índice de placa (IP) e índice de sangramento gengival (ISG) de 16 pacientes adultos em três fases: baseline, T1 e T2. Os indivíduos foram diagnosticados quanto à condição periodontal e responderam ao questionário sobre o impacto na rotina e qualidade de vida nos últimos seis meses pelo índice OHIP-14 (Oral Health Impact Profile). Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística. Os pacientes foram classificados conforme o grau de cooperação em: colaboradores (75%), colaboradores irregulares (12,5%) e não colaboradores (12,5%). A PS e o NIC dos pacientes colaboradores durante as três fases não sofreram diferenças significativas. O ISG sofreu uma redução comparada ao baseline. A média do IP dos pacientes colaboradores sofreu uma pequena redução, ao contrário dos colaboradores irregulares. Não houve escores de impacto forte na avaliação do OHIP-14, demonstrando uma boa percepção da qualidade da saúde bucal pelos indivíduos. Os pacientes colaboradores tiveram um impacto fraco em relação à doença periodontal nas duas fases do estudo (T1 e T2). Os principais diagnósticos foram a gengivite associada ao biofilme (38,46%) e periodontite crônica avançada localizada (30,76%). Pode-se concluir que os pacientes, em sua maioria, mostraram-se colaboradores na TPS, mantendo sua condição periodontal estável ou progredindo para saúde periodontal.

Motivation and education in mouth health are basic tools to prevent periodontal diseases. Current study assesses patients´ cooperation level at the Periodontal Clinic of the Dentistry Course of the Universidade Federal do Maranhão during Basic Periodontal Therapy (BPT). Sounding depth (PS), gum recession (RG), level of clinical insertion, dental mobility, furca involvement, plaque index (IP) and gum blooding index (ISG) of six adult were assessed clinically at three phases: baseline, T1 and T2. The patients were diagnosed with regard to their periodontal condition and answered a questionnaire on the impact on routine and life quality during the last six months, using Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). Data underwent statistical analysis and patients were classified according to their cooperation level, namely, collaborators (75%), irregular collaborators (12.5%) and non-collaborators (12.5%). No significant differences existed in collaborators´ PS and NIC during the three phases. ISG decreased when compared to baseline. IP mean of collaborating patients showed a slight decrease when compared to that of irregular collaborators. Since no significant score impact existed in OHIP-14 assessment, there was a good perception by patients with regard to mouth health quality. Collaborating patients had a weak impact with regard to periodontal disease in the two phases (T1 and T2). Main diagnoses were gingivitis plus biofilm gum (38.46%) and local advanced chronic periodontitis (30.76%). Results show that most patients collaborated with BPT, with a stable or advanced periodontal condition in periodontal health.

The Effect of 3% Phosphate Ascorbyl Gel on Bond Strength of Composite Resin to Enamel treated with 35% Hydrogen Peroxide.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of 3% phosphate ascorbyl gel (PA) in different times onto the microshear bond strength of composite resin (CR) to bovine enamel treated with 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty enamel blocks of bovine incisors were made and divided into 5 groups (n = 6) with three specimens per group (n = 18), according to treatment: G1= No bleaching + CR; G2 = HP + CR after 15d; G3 = HP + CR after 24 hours; G4 = HP + PA (15 min) + CR after 24 hours; G5 = HP + PA (2 hours) + CR after 24 hours. The resin cylinders were made by Tygon matrices. Microshear bond strength test was performed using universal testing machine with a 50N load at a speed of 0.5 mm/min. Fracture modes were assessed by a stereomicroscope 40 ×. Microshear bond strength values were submitted to the analysis of variance (ANOVA) one-way and Tukey test (p < 0.05). RESULTS: G1 had significant results when compared to G3 and G5 (p < 0.01). However, G2, G3, G4 and G5 have showed no significant differences among groups (p > 0.05). Failure modes were categorized into adhesive (90%) and mixed (10%). CONCLUSION: The use of 3% phosphate ascorbyl gel for 15 minutes was able to improve bond strength of composite resin to bleached bovine enamel, but when 3% phosphate ascorbyl gel was applied during 40 minutes it negatively interfered in the adhesion of the resin to bleached bovine enamel.

Sensibilidade da dentina e o impacto na qualidade de vida de pacientes com periodontite crônica da Universidade Federal do Maranhão / Dentin sensitivity and the impact on the quality of life of patients with chronic periodontitis at the Federal University of Maranhão

Objetivo: Verificar a presença da sensibilidade da dentina e seu impacto na qualidade de vida de pacientes periodontais. Material e Métodos: Foram examinados 36 pacientes com periodontite crônica de ambos os sexos na faixa etária de 18 a 59 anos na Clínica de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Os participantes responderam a um questionário socioeconômico e sobre hábitos de higiene bucal. O impacto da sensibilidade da dentina na qualidade de vida foi avaliado pelo OHIP-14 (Oral Health Impact Profile). Clinicamente, a sensibilidade da dentina foi avaliada pela utilização de spray ar-água e sonda exploradora nº 05, utilizando-se escores de 0 a 3. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística por meio do teste não paramétrico Qui-quadrado (χ2). O nível de significância foi de 5%. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que 18 pacientes apresentaram sensibilidade da dentina, nos quais os pré-molares foram os dentes mais acometidos (55,5%). A sensibilidade da dentina foi mais observada pelo spray ar-água (86,1%), em seguida pela sonda exploradora (51,0%). Desconforto/dor leve (escore 1) foi mais encontrado com spray ar- água (43,5%), enquanto que dor intensa que persiste após estímulo foi mais verificada pela sonda exploradora nº 05 (51,0%). O OHIP-14 revelou impacto de fraco (66,7%) a médio (33,3%) nos pacientes com sensibilidade da dentina. Os indivíduos sem sensibilidade apresentaram impacto fraco (94,4%). Conclusão: A sensibilidade da dentina afetou parte dos pacientes periodontais com impacto de fraco a médio na qualidade de vida

Aim: This study sought to observe the presence of dentin sensitivity in its different degrees and its impact on patients' quality of life. Methods: Thirty-six patients with chronic periodontitis, both male and female, ranging from 18 to 59 years of age, were examined at the Federal University of Maranhão. The patients answered a questionnaire on their socioeconomic status and oral hygiene habits. The impact of dentin sensitivity on the patients' quality of life was assessed by Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Clinically, dentin sensitivity was examined by an air-water spray and a #5 dental explorer, using scores 0-3. Data were submitted to statistical analysis by non-parametric chi-squaretest. The significance level was set at 5%. Results: The results showed that 18 patients presented dentin sensitivity. The premolars were the most affected teeth (55.5%). Dentin sensitivity was most observed when the air-water spray was used (86.1 %), followed by the dental explorer (51 %). The discomfort and mild pain (score 1) was more frequently found when using the air-water spray (43.50%), while severe pain that persists after stimulation was observed in teeth with sensitivity to the dental explorer (51%). The OHIP-14 revealed low (66.67%) and medium (33.33 %) impacts on patients with dentin sensitivity. Patients without dentin sensitivity mostly showed a low impact (94.44%). Conclusion: Dentin sensitivity affected a portion of the periodontal patients, with low to medium impact on one's quality of life

Agregado de trióxido mineral e uso como material retro-obturador em cirurgia paraendodôntica / Mineral trioxide aggregate and the use as a material for retrofilling endodontic surgery

O Agregado de Trióxido Mineral (MTA) foi desenvolvido com a finalidade de selar perfurações dentárias que ocorrem acidentalmente. A obturação retrógrada consiste no tratamento de lesões perirradiculares que visa solucionar complicações decorrentes do tratamento endodôntico mal sucedido. Materiais como o MTA têm sido propostos com o objetivo de promover o selamento do canal radicular por via retrógrada. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre o uso de MTA na Endodontia, abordando aspectos de sua apresentação, composição, propriedades físicas, químicas e biológicas, aplicações clínicas, enfatizando sua utilização na prática cirúrgica-periapical. Concluiu-se que o MTA pode ser empregado no retratamento endodôntico cirúrgico, apresentando-se como material promissor.

The Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) was initially developed in order to seal dental fractures that may occur accidentally. The retrograde obturation to solve complications by unsuccessful endodontic treatment. Various materials have been proposed, aiming to promote the sealing of the root canal by retrograde via. The objective of this study was to review the literature on the mineral trioxide aggregate in Endodontics, regarding to the presentation, composition, physical, chemical and biological properties, clinical applications It has concluded that MTA can be used on surgical endodontic retreatment.

Uso de células-tronco na odontologia: realidade ou utopia? / Use of stem cells in dentistry: reality or utopia?

A perda dental ainda é um grande problema na Odontologia. Entretanto, com novas pesquisas, uma proposta de tratamento por meio do uso das células-tronco vem sendo utilizada para melhorar as funções do órgão dental. Essas células trazem alternativas para regeneração dentino-pulpar, do tecido periodontal, óssea, da cartilagem da articulação temporo-mandibular e o desenvolvimento da terceira dentição. As principais fontes são: células mesenquimais presentes na região periodontal e na polpa dental, em especial de dentes decíduos, ainda folículo dental e papila apical. Todas estas células apresentam capacidade proliferativa e regenerativa dos tecidos humanos, sejam eles dentais ou não. Dessa forma, este trabalho teve o propósito de fazer uma revisão da literatura sobre a ENGENHARIA TECIDUAL com enfoque para células-tronco quanto ao uso, fontes, vantagens e desvantagens, bem como elucidar as reais aplicabilidades na Odontologia.

Tooth loss is still a major problem in Dentistry. However, new treatments may be achieved by using stem cells to restore all functions of the tooth. These cells provide new alternatives such as: regeneration of pulp-dentin, periodontal tissue and temporomandibular joint cartilage and the development of third dentition. The main sources are: mesenchymal cells in the periodontium and dental pulp, especially in primary teeth, even the dental follicle and the apical papilla. All these cells have shown proliferative and regenerative capacity of human tissues, whether or not dental tissues. Thus, the aim of this study was to perform a literature review on tissue engineering focusing on stem cells, their use, sources, advantages and disadvantages, as well as to clarify the real applicability in Dentistry.

Is depression associated with periodontal status in elderly?

Aim: To examine whether the depression is associated with periodontitis in elderly and to evaluate oral hygiene of these patients. Methods: One hundred and ninety one individuals aged 60 yearsor more were randomly selected. Periodontal examination was performed in full mouth by probing depth and clinical attachment loss in 6 sites for each tooth. The Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) per individual was also obtained. Depression was assessed by the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) to show how the elderly have been feeling during the last week. Results: Only SOHI was statistically significant (t = 4.7169, p<0.001), which better explains the variance in periodontal status. The variable GDS-15 revealed no significant values (t=0.3901, p=0.6971). Conclusions: There was no association between periodontitis and depression in elderly, but there was association between periodontitis and oral hygiene.

Avaliação de lesões cervicais não-cariosas em adultos: estudo piloto / Evaluation of non-carious cervical lesions in adults: a pilot study

Objetivo: determinar as características clínicas e a prevalência de lesões cervicais não-cariosas (LCNCs) em pacientes adultos. Métodos: a coleta dos dados foi realizada por meio de exame clínico e questionário. Um total de 491 dentes foi avaliado em 23 pacientes, dos quais 121 dentes apresentavam LCNCs. Critérios como forma, dimensão horizontal e vertical, profundidade, término, classificação e sensibilidade dentinária das lesões, além dos fatores oclusais fizeram parte da avaliação. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística pelo teste não paramétrico Exato de Fischer, com nível de significância de 5%. Uma análise descritiva foi utilizada para dados que caracterizavam a amostra no nível do indivíduo (sexo e fatores etiológicos das LCNCs) e no nível do dente (presença, tipo e formato da lesão; dentes e faces mais comprometidos). Resultados: um total de 24,64% dos dentes apresentava algum tipo de lesão cervical, sendo os dentes pré-molares inferiores os mais acometidos (30,58%). A abfração foi a lesão mais presente (52,89%). A face vestibular foi mais comprometida pelas LCNCs com significância estatística (p = 0,013). As cavidades rasas foram mais prevalentes em todos os tipos de lesões (p = 0,001). Facetas de desgaste foram bastante encontradas nos dentes com LCNCs (p = 0,008). A sensibilidade dentinária severa foi mais observada em dentes com abrasão (p=0,037). Conclusão: dentre as LCNCs, as lesões de abfração foram mais encontradas em pessoas do sexo feminino, nas faces vestibulares de dentes pré-molares e com profundidade rasa...

Objective: To determine the clinical characteristics and prevalence ofnon-carious cervical lesions (NCCL) in adult patients. Method: Data were collected by clinical examination and questionnaire-based interviews. A total of 491 teeth from 23 patients were examined, resulting in a sample of 121 teeth with NCCL. The evaluation criteria included shape, horizontal and vertical dimensions, depth, cervical margin, classification, presence of dentinal hypersensitivity and occlusal factors. The data were subjected to statistical analysis by the non-parametric Fisher?s exact test at a 5% significance level. Descriptive analysis was used for the data that characterized the sample at individual level (gender and NCCL etiologic factors) and tooth level (presence, type and shape of the lesion, and the most affected teeth and surfaces). Results: As much as 24.64% of the teeth presented some kind of cervical lesion, the mandibular premolars being the most affected (30.58%). Abfraction was the prevalent type of lesion (52.89%). The buccal surface was the most affected by NCCL (p=0.013). Shallow cavities were the most prevailing lesion type (p=0.001). Wear facets were largely found in teeth with NCCL (p=0.008). Severe dentinal hypersensitivity was mainly observed in abraded teeth (0.037).Conclusion: Among the types of NCCL, abfraction lesions were mostly found in female patients, in the buccal surface of premolars and had shallow depth...

The interface between metabolic syndrome and periodontal disease

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a complex pathology that combines several risk factors for cardiovascular disease. It is defined by the presence of visceral obesity, elevated triglycerides, decreased HDL, elevated blood pressure and blood glucose. The presence of at least three of these factors characterizes the syndrome. Periodontal disease (PD) is a chronic infection that produces a local and systemic inflammatory response. PD has been suggested as a possible risk factor for some of the components of MS, such as diabetes, obesity and dyslipidemia. Objective: The aim of this study was to review the literature about the possible association between periodontal disease and metabolic syndrome and to identify the components of this syndrome that may contribute to this association. Literature review: PD in the body produces a subclinical inflammatory state characterized by the release of inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion: It is plausible that these substances may contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome.

Selamento imediato da dentina na otimização de coroas de cerâmicas puras / Immediate dentin sealing in pure ceramic crowns optimization

Na técnica convencional de cimentação em prótese fixa, o adesivo é aplicado e/ou fotopolimerizado somente na fase de cimentação da peça. Caso a dentina seja contaminada anteriormente, esta adesão é prejudicada. A dentina recém-preparada é considerada o substrato ideal para a adesão, pois não há risco de contaminação. Com base nessa ideia, tem sido sugerido que logo após o preparo e antes da moldagem, o mesmo seja selado com um adesivo dentinário. Esta técnica é denominada Selamento Imediato da Dentina (SID) e possui várias vantagens em relação à técnica convencional de cimentação. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever e discutir esta técnica de aplicação clínica que contribui para o aumento da resistência e ajuda a evitar a sensibilidade dentária

In indirect restorations conventional luting, the adhesive is applied and/or light cured during the luting procedure, after provisional phase. If dentin is infected previously, this adhesion is impaired. The freshly cut dentin is considered the ideal substrate for dentin bonding, because there is no risk of contamination. Based on this idea, it has been suggested that after exposing dentin, it must be sealed with a dentin adhesive. This technique is called Immediate Dentin Sealing (IDS) and has several advantages over the conventional luting. The aim of this study is describe and discuss this clinical technique that contributes to increase dentin bond strength and prevents tooth sensitivity

Influência do tempo de cessação do hábito de fumar na condição periodontal / Influence of smoking cessation on periodontal status

Objetivo - O objetivo desse estudo transversal foi relacionar a cessação do hábito de fumar e condição periodontal. Métodos - Foram examinados 80 pacientes, de ambos os sexos, de 15 a 65 anos, sendo 23 não-fumantes, 17 fumantes e 40 ex-fumantes. Profundidade de sondagem (PS), nível de inserção clínica (NIC), recessão gengival (RG), mobilidade dentária, lesão de furca, índice de sangramento à sondagem (ISS) e índice de placa visível (IPV) foram os parâmetros clínicos avaliados. Resultados - Os dados referentes à PS, NIC, RG, mobilidade e furca foram submetidos à Análise de Variância um critério (p < 0,05), e a estatística descritiva foi usada para o ISS e IPV. O maior valor de NIC foi observado nos ex-fumantes. Os não fumantes obtiveram melhor resultado para o ISS, enquanto os fumantes apresentaram maior IPV. Para os ex-fumantes (< 10 anos de cessação), foram observados maiores valores para o NIC. Quanto ao consumo de cigarros, PS e NIC foram mais expressivos em pacientes com 20 anos de uso. Conclusão - Concluiu-se que ex-fumantes após 20 anos de cessação demonstraram melhora significativa em sua condição periodontal.

Objective - The aim of this cross-sectional study was to associate the time of smoking cessation and periodontal status. Methods - The sample consisted of 80 patients of both sexes, aged 15 to 65 years, 23 non-smokers, 17 smokers and 40 former smokers. Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival recession (GR), tooth mobility, furcation lesions, bleeding on probing (BOP) and visible plaque index (PI) were the clinical parameters evaluated. Results - PD, CAL, GR, mobility and furcation data were submitted to one-way ANOVA (p < 0.05) and the descriptive statistics was used for BOP and PI. The highest values of CAL were observed for former smokers. Nonsmokers had better outcome for BOP, while smokers had higher rates for PI. For former smokers (< 10 years of cessation), there were better results for CAL. Concerning the past use of cigarettes, PD and CAL have showed more significant values for patients up to 20 years of use. Conclusion - It can conclude that former smokers up to 20 years of smoking cessation showed significant improvement in their periodontal condition.

Influence of restorative techniques on marginal adaptation and dye penetration around Class V restorations.

The aim of this study was to observe the influence of restorative techniques on marginal adaptation and dye penetration around Class V restorations simulating abfraction lesions. Sixty mandibular premolars were divided into six groups (n = 10) using different restorative materials. Cavity preparation presented the gingival wall localized in dentin and the incisal wall in enamel. Replicas of abfraction lesions were obtained and viewed under a stereomicroscope for adaptation assessment. All teeth were subjected to thermocycling and mechanical load cycling and immersed in 0.5% methylene blue dye (pH 7.2) for four hours. The results were tabulated and submitted to Kruskal-Wallis tests, which were significant for the dentin margin with lower microleakage values for primer/Vitremer, followed by Clearfil SE Bond/Durafill VS and Clearfil SE Bond/Z100 in qualitative and quantitative methods (P < 0.05). The enamel margin had no significant difference for microleakage values for all groups. There was no statistically significant difference among the substrates for marginal adaptation. The Spearman coefficient illustrated a direct relation between enamel and dentin for microleakage evaluation (P < 0.0001). The data demonstrated no difference for marginal fit by chi-square test. It can be concluded that all groups had microleakage in different degrees, with the lowest values for resin-modified glass ionomer.